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QQuanta KidsBy IIT & ISB Alumni
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Concept 1 of 6

Number Series: Find the Hidden Rule

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Today's big idea

Write the gap under each pair, then read the gaps: equal, growing, or a fixed multiple.

Gaps that are not equal are still a pattern, so look at the gaps between the gaps.

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How it works

👀 What's going on?

A row of numbers marches across the page and one of them is missing. It looks like a guessing game, but it never is. Every series is built by a rule, and the rule leaves footprints.

💡 Here's the trick

Write the gap under each pair37111519+4+4+4+4All gaps equal → ADD the gap15 + 4 = 19Equal gaps → add · Fixed × → multiply · Growing → look again

Look at the series above. Write the gap under each pair of terms and the rule shows itself. Equal gaps mean add or subtract. A fixed multiple means multiply. Gaps that grow mean the rule grows too.

🪄 How to do it

  1. 1.Write the gap under each pair, as in the series above.
  2. 2.Decide if the gaps are equal, growing, or hiding a multiply rule.
  3. 3.Apply that rule one more time to get the missing term.

✍️ Try it

Find the next number in 9, 18, 36, 72, ? Then find the next number in 1, 4, 8, 13, 19, ?

Each term doubles, so the next one is 72 × 2 = 144. In the second series the gaps run +3, +4, +5, +6, so the next gap is +7 and the answer is 26.

⚠️ Watch out

You might be thinking a series must always climb. Plenty of them fall, and some do both. Check the direction of every gap before you name the rule, not just the first gap.

🌟 Why this matters

Bus timetables, shoe sizes and the price board at a stall all step up by a fixed amount. Spot the step once and you can read the rest without checking every line.
Exam tip: Write the gaps down on paper. A rule you can see beats a rule you try to hold in your head.

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Watch me solve one

Quanta solves it

“Watch how I think through one of these — then you try.”

THE PROBLEM

“Find the next number: 5, 11, 23, 47, ?”

  1. 1

    Write the gaps

    11−5 = 6, 23−11 = 12, 47−23 = 24. Gaps are doubling — not a simple add. 🔍

  2. 2

    Test ×2 then +1

    5×2+1 = 11 ✓, 11×2+1 = 23 ✓, 23×2+1 = 47 ✓. Rule found!

  3. 3

    Apply once more

    47 × 2 + 1

  4. 4

    Answer ✓

    = 95

Now you try one — same steps, different story 👇

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See it in action

⚡ Time to play!

Tap each number in the correct order — spot the pattern!

NUMBER SERIES · ROUND 1 OF 3

What comes next? 2, 6, 18, 54, __

#1?
#2·
#3·
#4·
#5·
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Quick check

✅ VERIFICATION

Find the next number: 7, 8, 11, 16, 23, ?

⚡ Finish the activity above first to answer.

Keep going!

Up next: Letter Series

A=1 … Z=26. Find the jump, add it, convert back.

Concept 2 of 6